\u3010\u6458\u8981\u3011\uff1a\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u529b\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u7aef\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165WTO\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u800c\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u5173\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u65e2\u6709\u8d38\u6613\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u65e5\u76ca\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u548c\u4fb5\u5bb3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u63a8\u52a8\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5168\u9762\u628a\u63e1\u3001\u8d8b\u5229\u907f\u5bb3\u3001\u79ef\u6781\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002\u4e3a\u9002\u5e94\u52a0\u5165WTO\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u5f62\u52bf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u539f\u5219\u548c\u56fd\u60c5\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u5065\u5168\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3010\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3011\uff1aWTO\uff0c\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u52b3\u5de5\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u5de5\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8<\/p>\n
\u3010\u4f5c\u8005\u3011\uff1a\u5e38\u51ef<\/p>\n
\u3010\u6765\u6e90\u3011\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b2002\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u8d38\u6613\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08WTO\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8fd1\u671f\uff0c\u5165\u4e16\u5374\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u4e2d\u56fd\u6539\u9769\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u548c\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7acb\u6cd5\u5373\u662f\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001WTO\u4e0e\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u6001\u52bf<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u6784WTO\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63a8\u52a8\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u201c\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u65e0\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a8\u52a8\u662f\u4ee5\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u3002\u800c\u8d44\u672c\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u538b\u5236\u548c\u5265\u593a\u3002\u81ea1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u53ca\u529b\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u9996\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u56fd\u9645\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u65e0\u56fd\u754c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u8054\u5408\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u6210\u4e3a\u5404\u56fd\u8d44\u4ea7\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u81ea\u89c9\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8d44\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u503e\u8f67\u4ecd\u7136\u6781\u5176\u6b8b\u9177\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u548c\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8d44\u4ea7\u8005\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u201d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4e89\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u5728\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u52b3\u5de5\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5219\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u65e0\u4ea7\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u6574\u6574\u594b\u6597\u4e86150\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u65e0\u4ea7\u8005\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u201d\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u5de5\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0e\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u4e2d\u7684\u5f31\u52bf\u5730\u4f4d\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u9664\u4e2a\u522b\u56fd\u5bb6\u5916\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u5904\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u5448\u73b0\u7740\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u5411\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u5021\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee5\u8d44\u65b9\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u52b3\u8d44\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\uff1b\u518d\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u52b3\u8d44\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u8001\u724c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u52b3\u8d44\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u5bf9\u6297\u7684\u5171\u5b58\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u4e0b\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u51fa\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u9752\u7750\u548c\u6276\u52a9\u81ea\u7136\u987a\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5931\u53bb\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u201c\u5b98\u5546\u5408\u6d41\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5b98\u5546\u52fe\u7ed3\u201d\u751a\u81f3\u201c\u5b98\u5546\u4e00\u4f53\u201d\u4fbf\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u4ee5\u727a\u7272\u52b3\u5de5\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6765\u8ffd\u6c42\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5df2\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc3\u7167\u4e0d\u5ba3\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5236\u8ba2\u6216\u4fee\u8ba2\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u548c\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6fc0\u5316\u4e86\u52b3\u8d44\u77db\u76fe\u5e76\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u4e5f\u5df2\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u4e0e\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u7684\u88ab\u4fb5\u5bb3\u548c\u88ab\u5265\u593a\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u4e8c\u6218\u4ee5\u540e\u591a\u5e74\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u6001\u52bf\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5e76\u8fdb\u800c\u53cd\u5bf9WTO\uff0c\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u30021999\u5e7412\u6708\u7684WTO\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u4f1a\u8bae\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5de5\u4f1a\u7b49\u56e2\u4f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u51e0\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u5de5\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u201d\u548c\u201c\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7ade\u4e89\u201d\u4e3a\u53f7\u53ec\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u89e3\u6563WTO.\u201c\u8fd9\u6b21\u8981\u6297\u8bae\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u7403\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u8d28\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u600e\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\uff1f\u7531\u8c01\u63a7\u5236\uff1f\u5bf9\u8c01\u6709\u5229\uff1f\u201d[1]\u793a\u5a01\u906d\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u9547\u538b\uff0c\u51e0\u5343\u4eba\u88ab\u902e\u6355\u62d8\u7981\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u4ee5\u52b3\u5de5\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u53cd\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u5728\u5168\u7403\u4e5f\u6108\u6f14\u6108\u70c8\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u4eca\u5e74\u7684\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7f8e\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9996\u8111\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u6b4c\u5fb7\u5821\u6b27\u76df\u5cf0\u4f1a\u548c\u70ed\u90a3\u4e9a\u516b\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\u5cf0\u4f1a\uff0c\u90fd\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u53cd\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u6297\u8bae[2].\u5c3d\u7ba1\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cd\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u4f46\u56f4\u7ed5\u5168\u7403\u5316\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u8868\u660e\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7684\u52b3\u8d44\u77db\u76fe\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u65e0\u6cd5\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u5730\u6b65\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e89\u53d6\u52a0\u5165WTO\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ecb\u5165\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u8d44\u672c\u5927\u4e3e\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u6839\u636e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u52301998\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u6279\u51c6\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee32 62\u4e07\u4e2a\uff0c\u534f\u8bae\u8d44\u91d15724 95\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u6295\u51652673 15\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5728\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c31\u4e1a\u7684\u804c\u5de5\u67092000\u4f59\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u4ee5\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u8d22\u56e2\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u65e5\u76ca\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5168\u7403500\u5bb6\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u4f01\u4e1a\u6216\u673a\u6784\u3002\u518d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u4e94\u5927\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u516c\u6709\u5236\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u9f13\u52b1\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u7684\u6539\u9769\u63aa\u65bd\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u5730\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86\u56fd\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u4f01\u4e1a\u6c11\u8425\u5316\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\u5f97\u5230\u957f\u8db3\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u52301999\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\u5df2\u8fbe150 89\u4e07\u6237\uff0c\u4ece\u4e1a\u4eba\u54582021 55\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u6ce8\u518c\u8d44\u91d110287\u4ebf\u5143\u3002\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c06\u9010\u6b65\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4e09\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u6539\u9769\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u822c\u8fd0\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u4ea7\u6743\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u5904\u7406[3].\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ecb\u5165\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u91cd\u6784\uff0c\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u662f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\u7b49\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u96c7\u4e3b\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u662f\u5229\u6da6\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u662f\u5de5\u8d44\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5f00\u59cb\u7531\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u6b63\u5728\u7531\u5177\u6709\u6d53\u539a\u653f\u6cbb\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u3001\u884c\u653f\u624b\u6bb5\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u4e00\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4ee5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u3001\u5e02\u573a\u673a\u5236\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u534f\u8c03\u578b\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e09\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u59cb\u65e5\u76ca\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u52b3\u8d44\u77db\u76fe\u52a0\u5267\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e2d\u8d44\u4ea7\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bcc\u6709\u8005\u548c\u8d2b\u56f0\u8005\u7684\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c31\u4e1a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u5c31\u4e1a\u3001\u5206\u914d\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u536b\u751f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\u65e5\u76ca\u52a0\u5267\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u8d22\u5bcc\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u6216\u8d22\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u516c[4].\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u6b63\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165WTO\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u5267\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5c31\u4e1a\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u9887\u4e3a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5165\u4e16\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8GDP2 94%\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\u5373\u53ef\u589e\u52a0400\u4e07\u4e2a\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5165\u4e16\u53ef\u589e\u52a0\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a1176\u4e07\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6765\u81ea\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8d38\u53d1\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u4e9a\u6d32\u94f6\u884c\u3002\u800c\u540c\u6837\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u6743\u5a01\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u519c\u5de5\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u589e\u52a0\u5931\u4e1a\u5de5\u4eba1100\u4e07[5].\u524d\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7eb8\u4e0a\u8c08\u5175\u3002\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u72b6\u51b5\u6050\u6015\u6bd4\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bf4\u6cd5\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5373\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u539f\u6709\u56fd\u5185\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e8f\u635f\u7834\u4ea7\u800c\u5931\u4e1a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u5931\u4e1a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u53c8\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u5de5\u8d44\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u4f9b\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6c42\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u5904\u4e8e\u7edd\u5bf9\u652f\u914d\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u6743\u76ca\u5c06\u66f4\u52a0\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u5e7f\u5927\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5c06\u4f1a\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u7a98\u56f0\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u907f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u5165\u4e16\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u907f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u6216\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u5373\u6709\u5173\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u3001\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6709\u5173\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u662f\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u548c\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u63d0\u51fa\u8005\u4f01\u56fe\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u76f4\u63a5\u6302\u94a9\uff0c\u5373\u8fdd\u53cd\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u8005\u53ef\u4e88\u4ee5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65e9\u57281953\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u5373\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u5728\u5173\u8d38\u603b\u534f\u5b9a\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u7981\u6b62\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u672a\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u5efa\u8bae\u672a\u83b7\u91c7\u7eb3\u3002\u5728\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5173\u8d38\u603b\u534f\u5b9a\u8c08\u5224\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u53c8\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u906d\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9[6].1993\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u53c8\u5728\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u5c4a\u4e16\u754c\u804c\u4e1a\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u751f\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4ee3\u8868\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u516c\u5f00\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u5728\u5176\u540e\u4e1c\u76df\u4e0e\u6b27\u76df\u5916\u957f\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5916\u957f\u91d1\u514b\u5c14\u4ee3\u8868\u6b27\u76df\u56fd\u5bb6\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u628a\u4eba\u6743\u3001\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u6761\u4ef6\u7eb3\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u5c06\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u6743\u76ca\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\u6302\u94a9\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u8f70\u52a8\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u201d\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e5f\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u63d0\u5021\u8005\uff0c1994\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u5c40\u5c40\u957f\u5728\u52b3\u5de5\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5c06\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u89c4\u5219\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fdd\u53cd\u8005\u6216\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u8005\u7ed9\u4e88\u8d38\u6613\u5236\u88c1\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0e\u4f1a\u56fd\u5206\u6210\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4e24\u6d3e\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e16\u8d38\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e8e1995\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\u53c8\u88ab\u63d0\u4e0a\u65e5\u7a0b\u30021996\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u7684WTO\u9996\u5c4a\u90e8\u957f\u7ea7\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6fc0\u70c8\u4e89\u8bba\u540e\uff0c\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u201d\u4ee5\u663e\u8981\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u8bae\u9898\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u8be5\u5ba3\u8a00\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u9075\u5b88\u56fd\u9645\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08ILO\uff09\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u8ba4\u652f\u6301\u5176\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u957f\u548c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6539\u5584\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u62d2\u7edd\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4f4e\u5de5\u8d44\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u51b3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u201d[7]\u8fd9\u4e00\u5ba3\u8a00\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8868\u660e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u627f\u8ba4\u4e86\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u95ee\u9898\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u627f\u8bfa\u5e94\u4e88\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u6302\u94a9\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u53cd\u6620\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ecb\u5165\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ee5\u5ec9\u4ef7\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u4f4e\u6863\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u51fa\u53e3\u8d38\u6613\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u5bf9\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u5c31\u4e1a\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u3002\u6b27\u7f8e\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f01\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u6302\u94a9\uff0c\u4ee5\u524a\u5f31\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u8d38\u6613\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u975e\u5173\u7a0e\u58c1\u5792\u3002\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\u5de5\u8d44\u6c34\u5e73\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4f4e\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u751f\u4ea7\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u5ec9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7531\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5411\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u9ad8\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u503e\u9500\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5728\u8d38\u6613\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u5236\u5b9a\u51fa\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u548c\u8d38\u6613\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u7684\u8fc5\u731b\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u52b3\u8d44\u77db\u76fe\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\uff1a\u5bcc\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u53d7\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u8d22\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e25\u91cd\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\uff0c\u5931\u4e1a\u5de5\u4eba\u5927\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u6761\u4ef6\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u9677\u4e8e\u8d2b\u56f0\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f00\u59cb\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6[8].\u52b3\u8d44\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u52a0\u5267\u548c\u52b3\u5de5\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u6302\u94a9\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u9f13\u5439\u8005\u3002\u5982\u52b3\u8054\u2014\u4ea7\u8054\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eWTO\u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\u5236\u5b9e\u65bd\u6700\u4f4e\u52b3\u52a8\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5e02\u573a\u906d\u5230\u76d8\u5265\u3002\u4fdd\u62a4\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u7684\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u7403\u8d38\u6613\u4f53\u5236\u6765\u5956\u52b1\u6216\u60e9\u7f5a\u67d0\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e76\u57281998\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5c06\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u8d38\u6613\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u672c\u300a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u7eed\u63aa\u65bd\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u5f97\u88ab\u63f4\u5f15\u6216\u88ab\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64\u79cd\u76ee\u7684\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4e0d\u5f97\u56e0\u672c\u300a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u7eed\u63aa\u65bd\u800c\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5229\u76ca\u63d0\u51fa\u5f02\u8bae\u3002\u201d[9]<\/p>\n
\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e92\u76f8\u63f4\u5f15\u548c\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u5982\u57281999\u5e74\u7684\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5f97\u5230\u52b3\u8054\u2014\u4ea7\u8054\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u5c06\u4fdd\u62a4\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u5199\u5230\u4e16\u8d38\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u7b2c182\u53f7\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u5373\u300a\u6700\u6076\u52a3\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7ae5\u5de5\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u660e\u786e\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165WTO[10].\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7167\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5ff5\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u6216\u5f71\u54cd\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\u201c\u4e0d\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u6d89\u53ca\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u5e94\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0cWTO\u591a\u8fb9\u8d38\u6613\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f1a\u662f\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u96c7\u4e3b\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u89c1\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7b49\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6240\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5c06\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u6302\u94a9\u6216\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u30021996\u5e74\u7684\u65b0\u52a0\u5761WTO\u9996\u5c4a\u90e8\u957f\u7ea7\u4f1a\u8bae\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u5373\u8868\u660e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e0e\u4f1a\u56fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d8b\u5411\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6050\u6015\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u65bd\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u65b9\u5f0f\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdb\u5165WTO\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u626c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53cd\u5bf9\u5c06\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u76f4\u63a5\u6302\u94a9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4fdd\u969c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u76ca\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u5f53\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u89c6\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6743\u5229\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u622a\u7136\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6279\u51c6\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u7ea6\u4e5f\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u56fd\u5185\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u6cd5\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6e0a\u6e90\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u627f\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5373\u662f\u627f\u8ba4\u76ee\u524d\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u7ea6\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u5bb9[11].\u5c65\u884c\u8be5\u516c\u7ea6\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u4e0e\u627f\u8ba4\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u52b3\u8d44\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u95ee\u9898[12]\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u52b3\u8d44\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5165\u4e16\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u8d38\u6613\u89c4\u5219\u4e0a\u8981\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u63a5\u8f68\uff0c\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5236\u4e0a\u9010\u6b65\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u63a5\u8f68\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u7167\u642c\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u60c5\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u73af\u5883\u51fa\u53d1\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u575a\u6301\u548c\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u7acb\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u52a8\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u6307\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u5927\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u516c\u7ea6\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\u4e66\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u8fbe\u6210\u56fd\u9645\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5907\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u548c\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u786e\u7acb\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229[13].<\/p>\n
\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u4e2d\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u201d\u6216\u79f0\u201c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u662f1995\u5e74\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u95ee\u9898\u4e16\u754c\u9996\u8111\u4f1a\u8bae\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u7684[14].1998\u5e74\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u5927\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5c06\u5176\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff1a\u7ed3\u793e\u81ea\u7531\u5e76\u6709\u6548\u627f\u8ba4\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u6743\u5229\uff1b\u6d88\u9664\u4e00\u5207\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\uff1b\u6709\u6548\u5e9f\u9664\u7ae5\u5de5\uff1b\u6d88\u9664\u5c31\u4e1a\u6b67\u89c6[15].\u8fd9\u56db\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u516b\u9879\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u300b[16]\u4e2d\u3002\u622a\u81f32000\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f1a\u5458\u56fd\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u670980%\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6570\u76ee\u4e0d\u7b49\u5730\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u524d\u4e03\u9879\u516c\u7ea6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u670950\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u4e03\u9879\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u53e4\u5df4\u7b49\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7b49\u56fd\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u516d\u9879\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u7b49\u56fd\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u56db\u9879\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u53ea\u6279\u51c6\u4e86105\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86100\u53f7\u548c138\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u65e2\u4f7f\u5c1a\u672a\u6279\u51c6\u6709\u5173\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ece\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5458\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u90fd\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u300a\u7ae0\u7a0b\u300b\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u3001\u4fc3\u8fdb\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5173\u4e8e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u516c\u7ea6\u4e4b\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5404\u9879\u539f\u5219\u3002\u201d[17]\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5404\u56fd\u5904\u7406\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6279\u51c6\u56fd\u6309\u7167\u672c\u56fd\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u6267\u884c\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u5728\u8be5\u56fd\u5177\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u6cd5\u5b9a\u6548\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5fc5\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u56fd\u5185\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u4e60\u60ef\u6cd5\u9ed8\u793a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u6cd5\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u529b[18].<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\u9075\u5b88\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52b3\u5de5\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5404\u9879\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u9002\u5408\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u6279\u51c6\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u81f3\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u6279\u51c6\u4e8620\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u627f\u8ba4\u65e7\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6279\u51c6\u768414\u4e2a\uff09\uff0c\u4ec5\u5360\u5168\u90e8182\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u768411%\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ca\u5404\u4f1a\u5458\u56fd\u5e73\u5747\u6279\u51c6\u6570\u76ee\u76841\/3[19].\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u56fd\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u5f88\u4e0d\u9002\u5e94\u3002\u52a0\u5165WTO\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u5177\u7d27\u8feb\u6027\u3002\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u9700\u6c42\u53ca\u5176\u6cd5\u5f8b\u73af\u5883\u6765\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7acb\u6cd5\u662f\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5c31\u52b3\u52a8\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u57fa\u672c\u5177\u5907\u6279\u51c6\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u7acb\u6cd5\u81ea1995\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u914d\u5957\u6cd5\u89c4\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u521d\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u9664\u81ea\u7531\u7ed3\u793e\u548c\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5e76\u65e0\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u5982\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u52a0\u5165WTO\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u60c5\uff0c\u5728\u575a\u6301\u539f\u5219\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u9010\u6b65\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u63a5\u8f68\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u7ed3\u793e\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u5c31\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56db\u9879\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u5173\u60c5\u51b5\u505a\u4e00\u5177\u4f53\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u7531\u7ed3\u793e\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5e94\u662f\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u548c\u6700\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u5229\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u96c6\u4f53\u4eab\u6709\u4e09\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u7acb\u6cd5\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u52a8\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u6307\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u5927\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u516c\u7ea6\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\u4e66\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u8fbe\u6210\u56fd\u9645\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5907\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u548c\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u786e\u7acb\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229[13].<\/p>\n
\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u6b3e\u4e2d\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u201d\u6216\u79f0\u201c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u662f1995\u5e74\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u95ee\u9898\u4e16\u754c\u9996\u8111\u4f1a\u8bae\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u7684[14].1998\u5e74\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u5927\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5c06\u5176\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff1a\u7ed3\u793e\u81ea\u7531\u5e76\u6709\u6548\u627f\u8ba4\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u6743\u5229\uff1b\u6d88\u9664\u4e00\u5207\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\uff1b\u6709\u6548\u5e9f\u9664\u7ae5\u5de5\uff1b\u6d88\u9664\u5c31\u4e1a\u6b67\u89c6[15].\u8fd9\u56db\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u516b\u9879\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u300b[16]\u4e2d\u3002\u622a\u81f32000\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f1a\u5458\u56fd\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u670980%\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6570\u76ee\u4e0d\u7b49\u5730\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u524d\u4e03\u9879\u516c\u7ea6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u670950\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u4e03\u9879\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u53e4\u5df4\u7b49\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7b49\u56fd\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u516d\u9879\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u7b49\u56fd\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u56db\u9879\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u53ea\u6279\u51c6\u4e86105\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86100\u53f7\u548c138\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u65e2\u4f7f\u5c1a\u672a\u6279\u51c6\u6709\u5173\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ece\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5458\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u90fd\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u300a\u7ae0\u7a0b\u300b\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u3001\u4fc3\u8fdb\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5173\u4e8e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u516c\u7ea6\u4e4b\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5404\u9879\u539f\u5219\u3002\u201d[17]\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5404\u56fd\u5904\u7406\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6279\u51c6\u56fd\u6309\u7167\u672c\u56fd\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u6267\u884c\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u5728\u8be5\u56fd\u5177\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u6cd5\u5b9a\u6548\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5fc5\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u56fd\u5185\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u4e60\u60ef\u6cd5\u9ed8\u793a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u6cd5\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u529b[18].<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\u9075\u5b88\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52b3\u5de5\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5404\u9879\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u9002\u5408\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u6279\u51c6\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u81f3\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u6279\u51c6\u4e8620\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u627f\u8ba4\u65e7\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6279\u51c6\u768414\u4e2a\uff09\uff0c\u4ec5\u5360\u5168\u90e8182\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u768411%\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ca\u5404\u4f1a\u5458\u56fd\u5e73\u5747\u6279\u51c6\u6570\u76ee\u76841\/3[19].\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u56fd\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u5f88\u4e0d\u9002\u5e94\u3002\u52a0\u5165WTO\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u5177\u7d27\u8feb\u6027\u3002\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u9700\u6c42\u53ca\u5176\u6cd5\u5f8b\u73af\u5883\u6765\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7acb\u6cd5\u662f\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5c31\u52b3\u52a8\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u57fa\u672c\u5177\u5907\u6279\u51c6\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u7acb\u6cd5\u81ea1995\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u914d\u5957\u6cd5\u89c4\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u521d\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u9664\u81ea\u7531\u7ed3\u793e\u548c\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5e76\u65e0\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u5982\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u52a0\u5165WTO\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u60c5\uff0c\u5728\u575a\u6301\u539f\u5219\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u9010\u6b65\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u63a5\u8f68\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u7ed3\u793e\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u5c31\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56db\u9879\u6838\u5fc3\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u5173\u60c5\u51b5\u505a\u4e00\u5177\u4f53\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u7531\u7ed3\u793e\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5e94\u662f\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u548c\u6700\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u5229\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u96c6\u4f53\u4eab\u6709\u622a\u6b621998\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f1a\u5e73\u5747\u7ec4\u5efa\u7387\u4e3a7 3%\uff0c\u804c\u5de5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u4ec5\u4e3a11 5%\uff0c\u800c\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u7ec4\u5efa\u7387\u4ec5\u4e3a4%[27].\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u96c7\u4e3b\u963b\u6320\u548c\u62b5\u5236\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u5efa\u7acb\u5de5\u4f1a\u800c\u81f4\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u5de5\u4f1a\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u628a\u5e7f\u5927\u804c\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5230\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6765\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u7ef4\u62a4\u5e7f\u5927\u804c\u5de5\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u8c03\u52a8\u548c\u53d1\u6325\u5e7f\u5927\u804c\u5de5\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u6446\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u524d\u8270\u5de8\u800c\u7d27\u8feb\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u201d[28]\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u52301999\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ec4\u5efa\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5168\u603b\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u52302002\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u804c\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5230\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6765\uff0c\u5c4a\u65f6\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u6570\u76ee\u5c06\u75311999\u5e74\u5e95\u768425\u4e07\u5bb6\u589e\u81f3100\u4e07\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5458\u6570\u5c06\u75311999\u5e74\u5e95\u76841313\u4e07\u589e\u81f33600\u4e07[29].\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5927\u800c\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u969c\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u969c\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u8001\u677f\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u5916\u4f01\u6216\u79c1\u4f01\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u6570\u662f\u7531\u96c7\u4e3b\u6216\u4f01\u4e1a\u65b9\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u64cd\u7eb5\u5de5\u4f1a\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u96c7\u4e3b\u4eb2\u81ea\u6216\u6307\u6d3e\u4eb2\u4fe1\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u8001\u677f\u5a18\u6216\u4e8c\u8001\u677f\u3002\u96c7\u4e3b\u963b\u6320\u6210\u7acb\u5de5\u4f1a\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5e72\u6d89\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u7b2c98\u53f7\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u6240\u660e\u786e\u7981\u6b62\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u52b3\u5de5\u63aa\u65bd[30].\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e9f\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u5f53\u52b3\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7acb\u6cd5\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6551\u6d4e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5176\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u7ea0\u6b63\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u6709\u5173\u8d1f\u8d23\u90e8\u95e8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f15\u8d77\u8b66\u89c9\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\u7684\u8d44\u683c\u548c\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7684\u8d44\u683c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u610f\u89c1[31].<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u8c08\u5224\u6743\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u57281995\u5e74\u5b9e\u65bd\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u6cd5\u201c\u5de5\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u804c\u5de5\u4e0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5355\u4f4d\u884c\u653f\u65b9\u9762\u7b7e\u8ba2\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u884c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5236\u5ea6\u30021996\u5e74\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u90e8\u3001\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u5de5\u4f1a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u8d38\u59d4\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u534f\u4f1a\u4e13\u95e8\u53d1\u51fa\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u534f\u5546\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u534f\u8c03\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6709\u6548\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u91cd\u70b9\u5e94\u5728\u975e\u56fd\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u5b9e\u884c\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u5236\u5ea6\u8bd5\u70b9\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u201d[32]\u57281998\u5e7410\u6708\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4f1a\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u6b21\u5168\u56fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u66f4\u628a\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u5b9e\u884c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5236\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5efa\u7acb\u6709\u6548\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5207\u5b9e\u7ef4\u62a4\u804c\u5de5\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6743\u76ca\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u6743\u76ca\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5de5\u4f5c[33].2000\u5e7411\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u90e8\u53c8\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u5de5\u8d44\u96c6\u4f53\u534f\u5546\u8bd5\u884c\u529e\u6cd5\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4f1a\u5728\u63a8\u884c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u906d\u5230\u96c7\u4e3b\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u62b5\u5236\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bfa\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8c08\u5224\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5f92\u5177\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u96c7\u4e3b[34].\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u5916\u5546\u6295\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u66f4\u52a0\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96c7\u4e3b\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8bfa\u201d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5de5\u4f1a\u4f3c\u4e4e\u65e0\u8ba1\u53ef\u65bd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u76ee\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u804c\u5de5\u4e00\u65b9\u4e0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c31\u52b3\u52a8\u62a5\u916c\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u4f11\u606f\u4f11\u5047\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u751f\u3001\u4fdd\u9669\u798f\u5229\u7b49\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u7b7e\u8ba2\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u201d[35]\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u53ef\u4ee5\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u52b3\u8d44\u53cc\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u52b3\u8d44\u53cc\u65b9\u529b\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u6709\u7f62\u5de5\u6743\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540e\u76fe\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5982\u82f1\u56fd\u6216\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u522b\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u548c\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7ec4\u7ec7\u529b\u91cf\u76f8\u5f53\u8584\u5f31\uff0c\u53c8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u6743\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u7ed3\u679c\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a\u6216\u662f\u96be\u4ee5\u63a8\u884c\u5982\u5728\u79c1\u6709\u548c\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5f92\u6709\u5176\u540d\u5982\u5728\u56fd\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a[36].\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96c7\u4e3b\u63a7\u5236\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e5f\u662f\u65e0\u53ef\u5948\u4f55\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0d\u5f53\u52b3\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u5236\u5ea6\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5236\u5ea6\u771f\u6b63\u6b65\u5165\u5e02\u573a\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4e2d[37].<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u7f62\u5de5\u6743\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7981\u6b62\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4eab\u6709\u7f62\u5de5\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7981\u6b62\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u73b0\u884c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f62\u5de5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u56de\u907f\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u4e0d\u9002\u5e94\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5b66\u754c\u5df2\u7ecf\u521d\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5373\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f62\u5de5\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u8d4b\u4e88\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7f62\u5de5\u6743\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u7b2c\u516b\u6761\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b3e\uff08\u4e01\uff09\u9879\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u6743\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u6309\u7167\u5404\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u884c\u4f7f\u6b64\u9879\u6743\u5229\u3002\u201d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6279\u51c6\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5185\u5bb9\u505a\u51fa\u7279\u522b\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u56fd\u5185\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u529b\u3002\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u7b2c\u516b\u6761\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b3e\uff08\u4e01\uff09\u9879\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u7acb\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u53cc\u91cd\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u201c\u6709\u6743\u7f62\u5de5\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f62\u5de5\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f9d\u636e\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u201c\u5e94\u6309\u7167\u5404\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u884c\u4f7f\u6b64\u9879\u6743\u5229\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4e2d\u56fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u7f62\u5de5\u6743\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u6d88\u9664\u5c31\u4e1a\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6279\u51c6\u7b2c100\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\u5373\u300a1951\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u5de5\u4eba\u540c\u5de5\u540c\u916c\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u300b\u4e5f\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5c31\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u56e0\u6c11\u65cf\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u6027\u522b\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u53d7\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u201d[38]\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5c31\u4e1a\u6b67\u89c6\u201d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u542b\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u57fa\u4e8e\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u80a4\u8272\u3001\u6027\u522b\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u89c1\u89e3\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u8840\u7edf\u3001\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u51fa\u8eab\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53d6\u6d88\u6216\u635f\u5bb3\u5c31\u4e1a\u6216\u804c\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u6216\u5f85\u9047\u5e73\u7b49\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u533a\u522b\u3001\u6392\u65a5\u6216\u4f18\u60e0\u3002\u201d[39]\u4e24\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u542b\u4e49\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u62ec\u80a4\u8272\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u89c1\u89e3\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u51fa\u8eab\u3002\u5c31\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u73b0\u72b6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u80a4\u8272\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u89c1\u89e3\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5173\u4e8e\u5c31\u4e1a\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u7b26\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u5982\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\u7b49\uff0c\u6709\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e0d\u591f\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6267\u6cd5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6237\u7c4d\u6b67\u89c6\u5982\u5bf9\u519c\u6751\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u8eab\u4efd\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u8003\u8651\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5c31\u4e1a\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u538b\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u57ce\u4e61\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u901a\u8fc7\u7acb\u6cd5\u9650\u5236\u5c31\u4e1a\u6237\u7c4d\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u7981\u6b62\u7ae5\u5de5\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5386\u6765\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u7ae5\u5de5\u7684\u3002\u516c\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7ae5\u5de5\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ae5\u5de5\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u4ea7\u6743\u591a\u5143\u5316\u540e\u7684\u79c1\u8425\u548c\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u3002\u4e3a\u5236\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c1988\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u52b3\u52a8\u90e8\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u6559\u59d4\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u90e8\u3001\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u5de5\u4f1a\u7b49\u8054\u5408\u53d1\u51fa\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e25\u7981\u4f7f\u7528\u7ae5\u5de5\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u4fdd\u62a4\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u4efb\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u62db\u7528\u672a\u6ee1\u5341\u516d\u5c81\u7684\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u3002\u201d[40]1994\u5e74\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u300b\u4e5f\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u62db\u7528\u672a\u6ee1\u5341\u516d\u5c81\u7684\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u3002\u201d[41]\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7981\u6b62\u7ae5\u5de5\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u7b2c138\u53f7\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u5373\u300a1973\u5e74\u6700\u4f4e\u5c31\u4e1a\u5e74\u9f84\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u56fd\u5bb6\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e25\u7981\u4f7f\u7528\u7ae5\u5de5\uff0c\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5de5\u5546\u6237\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u4ee5\u8ffd\u9010\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ae5\u5de5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5374\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\u5c24\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u7981\u6b62\u7ae5\u5de5\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u52a0\u5927\u6267\u6cd5\u529b\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5f3a\u8feb\u6216\u5f3a\u5236\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u662f\u6307\u201c\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u60e9\u7f5a\u76f8\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5f3a\u8feb\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u975e\u672c\u4eba\u81ea\u613f\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u52b3\u52a8\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u201d[43]\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9650\u5236\u548c\u4fb5\u5bb3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u5173\u6d89\u5230\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e00\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u52a8\u6807\u51c6\u4e88\u4ee5\u5f3a\u8c03\u3002\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c7\u4e3b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u5173\u90e8\u95e8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u72af\u6709\u7f6a\u9519\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u7981\u6b62\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ece\u4fdd\u62a4\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u6743\u5229\u548c\u4eba\u8eab\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u5211\u6cd5\u548c\u6c11\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5177\u4f53\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u968f\u7740\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6e10\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u826f\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e3a\u4e86\u652b\u53d6\u8d85\u989d\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u975e\u6cd5\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5f3a\u8feb\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u975e\u5e38\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8d85\u65f6\u8d85\u91cf\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u79c1\u4f01\u8001\u677f\u751a\u81f3\u96c7\u4f63\u6253\u624b\u76d1\u89c6\u5de5\u4eba\u52b3\u52a8\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u5de5\u4eba\u9003\u8dd1\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u65e7\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u5305\u8eab\u5de5\u201d\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u6709\u53d1\u73b0[44].\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u96c7\u4e3b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u4f24\u5bb3\u4eba\u8eab\u89e6\u72af\u5211\u5f8b\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ef3\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5211\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u822c\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u6027\u8d28\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bf9\u7981\u6b62\u6216\u9650\u5236\u6b64\u7c7b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e5f\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u7528\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u53c2\u7167\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u7981\u6b62\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fdd\u72af\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u8bc9\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e88\u4ee5\u5236\u88c1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u72af\u6709\u7f6a\u9519\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u51fa\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u52b3\u6559\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u52b3\u6539\u5236\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u6559\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u754c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u4e0e\u6539\u9769\u4e5f\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u518d\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165WTO\uff0c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u95ee\u9898\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u53c2\u7167\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fdd\u969c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6743\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300c\u6ce8\u91ca\u300d<\/p>\n
1.\u300a\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u76d1\u5bdf\u300b2000\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u8096\u7ae5\uff1a\u300a\u53cd\u5168\u7403\u5316\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u9752\u5e74\u62a5\u300b2001\u5e748\u670812\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n
3.\u53c2\u89c1\u9648\u5149\u590d\u300a\u505a\u597d\u65b0\u5efa\u4f01\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec4\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u975e\u516c\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u4e1a\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\u300b\uff08\u672a\u520a\u7a3f\uff09\uff0c2000\u5e7411\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u89c1\u3014\u5fb7\u3015\u6c49\u65af\u00b7\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u9a6c\u4e01\u3001\u54c8\u62c9\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u8212\u66fc\u300a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u9677\u9631\u300b\uff08\u4e2d\u592e\u7f16\u8bd1\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1998\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c12\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
5.\u89c1\u97e9\u5fb7\u5f3a\u300a\u78b0\u649e-\u5168\u7403\u5316\u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5b9e\u9009\u62e9\u300b\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ba1\u7406\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2000\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c20\u201421\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
6.\u89c1\u7126\u5174\u94e0\u300a\u52b3\u5de5\u6cd5\u4e0e\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u4e4b\u4fdd\u969c\u300b\uff08\u6708\u65e6\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1995\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c453\u2014454\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
7.http\uff1a www>wto>org\/english\/newee\/pres96e\/wtodec.htm.<\/p>\n
8.\u89c1\u3014\u5fb7\u3015\u6c49\u65af\u00b7\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u9a6c\u4e01\u3001\u54c8\u62c9\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u8212\u66fc\u300a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u9677\u9631\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
9.\u8be5\u5ba3\u8a00\uff08ILO Declaration on Fundamental Rights at Wrok\uff09\u53c8\u88ab\u8bd1\u4e3a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u548c\u6743\u5229\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
10.\u7f8e\u56fd\u52b3\u8054\u2014\u4ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165WTO\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u662f\u4eba\u6240\u5171\u77e5\u7684\u30021994\u5e74\u7b14\u8005\u66fe\u63a5\u5f85\u8fc7\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e94\u91d1\u5de5\u4f1a\u548c\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u4f1a\u8bbf\u534e\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u65f6\u76f4\u8a00\u4e0d\u8bb3\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5165\u5173\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u66fe\u4ee4\u7b14\u8005\u4e3a\u4e4b\u77a0\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
11.\u89c1\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u7b2c6\u201415\u6761\u3001\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u7b2c22\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
12.\u89c1\u300a\u5168\u7403\u8d2b\u5bcc\u5c0f\u767e\u79d1\u300b\uff08\u300a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u76d1\u5bdf\u300b2000\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
13.\u89c1\u738b\u5bb6\u5ba0\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u52a8\u516c\u7ea6\u6982\u8981\u300b\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c15\u201417\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
14.\u89c1\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff081998\u5e74\uff09\u5bfc\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n
15.\u89c1\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff081998\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
16.\u300a1948\u5e74\u7ed3\u793e\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6743\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u7b2c87\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\uff1b\u300a1949\u5e74\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6743\u4e0e\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u6743\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u7b2c98\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\uff1b\u300a1930\u5e74\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u7b2c29\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\uff1b\u300a1957\u5e74\u5e9f\u9664\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff1b\uff08\u7b2c105\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\uff1b\u300a1951\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u5de5\u4eba\u540c\u5de5\u540c\u916c\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u7b2c100\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\uff1b\u300a1958\u5e74\u5c31\u4e1a\u4e0e\u804c\u4e1a\u6b67\u89c6\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u7b2c111\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\uff1b\u300a1973\u5e74\u6700\u4f4e\u5c31\u4e1a\u5e74\u9f84\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u7b2c138\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\uff1b\u300a1999\u5e74\u7981\u6b62\u6700\u6076\u52a3\u5f62\u5f0f\u7ae5\u5de5\u52b3\u52a8\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff08\u7b2c182\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
17.\u89c1\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff081998\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
18.\u89c1\u738b\u5bb6\u5ba0\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u52a8\u516c\u7ea6\u6982\u8981\u300b\u7b2c16\u201417\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
19.\u89c1\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u5de5\u4f1a\u7f16\u300a\u5916\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\u9009\u7f16\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\uff081997\u5e74\u5185\u90e8\u7248\uff09\u7b2c1179\u20141200\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
20.\u89c1\u3014\u65e5\u3015\u7af9\u5185\u662d\u592b\u7b49\u7f16\u300a\u65b0\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b66\u8f9e\u5178\u300b\uff08\u6709\u6590\u9601\u5e73\u6210\u5143\u5e74\u65e5\u6587\u7248\uff09\u7b2c950\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
21.\u3014\u65e5\u3015\u6cbc\u7530\u7a3b\u6b21\u90ce\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u300b\uff0c\u52b2\u8349\u4e66\u623f\uff0c1969\u5e74\u65e5\u6587\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c30\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
22.\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
23.\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5de5\u4f1a\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
24.\u300a\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u5173\u4e8e\u6279\u51c6\u3008\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u3009\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b2001\u5e743\u67081\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n
25.\u6c88\u8def\u6d9b\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u4f9d\u6cd5\u4fdd\u969c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b2001\u5e743\u67085\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n
26.\u89c1Chang Kai\uff0cGlobalisation and China\u2018s Labour Legislation. In Asian Labour Sept.\u2014Dec.\uff0c1998.<\/p>\n
27.\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u5de5\u4f1a\u5916\u4f01\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u3001\u79c1\u4f01\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff1a\u300a\u89e3\u653e\u601d\u60f3\u3000\u5f00\u62d3\u601d\u8def\u3000\u52a0\u5927\u529b\u5ea6\u3000\u628a\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5de5\u4f1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u63a8\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u300b\uff08\u672a\u520a\u53d1\uff09\uff0c1999\u5e7410\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n
28.\u89c1\u5c09\u5065\u884c\u300a\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u65b0\u5efa\u4f01\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f1a\u7ec4\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u300b\uff0c2000\u5e7411\u670812\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n
29.\u89c1\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u5de5\u4f1a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u52a0\u5f3a\u65b0\u5efa\u4f01\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f1a\u7ec4\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u300b\uff0c2000\u5e7411\u670810\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n
30.\u89c1\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6743\u5229\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u6743\u5229\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\uff0c\u8f7d\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5317\u4eac\u5c40\u7f16\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\u4e66\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\uff0c1994\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c164\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
31.\u5982\u6d59\u6c5f\u7701\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u8001\u677f\u6216\u5176\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u62c5\u4efb\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
32.\u52b3\u52a8\u90e8\u7b49\uff1a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u9010\u6b65\u5b9e\u884c\u96c6\u4f53\u534f\u5546\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u300b\uff081996\u5e745\u670817\u65e5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
33.\u5f20\u4e01\u534e\uff1a\u300a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4f1a\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u6b21\u5168\u56fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff081998\u5e7410\u670819\u65e5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
34.\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4f1a\u66f4\u6ce8\u91cd\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e0d\u5e94\u8bfa\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4f1a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96c7\u4e3b\u63a7\u5236\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u573a\u5408\u5219\u4ece\u672a\u89c1\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u66f4\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\u3002<\/p>\n
35.\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e09\u6761\uff081994\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
36.\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
37.\u89c1\u674e\u742a\u300a\u5bf9\u56fd\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u63a8\u884c\u96c6\u4f53\u534f\u5546\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u601d\u8003\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u5de5\u4f1a\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u300b1999\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c15\u201418\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
38.\u89c1\u5e38\u51ef\u300a\u8bba\u4e0d\u5f53\u52b3\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7acb\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b2000\u5e74\u7b2c5\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c71\u201482\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
39.\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff1a\u300a\u5c31\u4e1a\u548c\u804c\u4e1a\u6b67\u89c6\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5317\u4eac\u5c40\u7f16\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\u4e66\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\uff0c1994\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c282\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
40.\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u4fdd\u62a4\u6cd5\u300b\uff081991\u5e744\u6708\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
41.\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u300b\uff081994\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u5341\u4e94\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
42.\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff1a\u300a\u5f3a\u8feb\u6216\u5f3a\u5236\u52b3\u52a8\u516c\u7ea6\uff08\u7b2c29\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\u300b\uff081930\u5e74\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n
43.\u53c2\u89c1\u738b\u743c\u6770\u3001\u7530\u6770\u300a\u8b66\u60d5\u201c\u5305\u8eab\u5de5\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u91cd\u73b0\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5de5\u4eba\u65e5\u62a5\u300b2001\u5e749\u670810\u65e5\uff1b\u738b\u51b0\u300a\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u540d\u201c44.\u5305\u8eab\u5de5\u201d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u89e3\u6551\u7684\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u4fdd\u969c\u62a5\u300b2001\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u3010\u6458\u8981\u3011\uff1a\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u529b\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u7aef\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165WTO\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5230 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12152,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-wiki"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5960","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5960"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5960\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abc.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}