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\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\uff08Economic globalization\uff09\u4e0e\u201c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u591a\u6837\u6027\u201d\uff08Varieties of Capitalism\uff09\u3002\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5bf9\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u628a\u63e1\u4e00\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u7279\u70b9\u5177\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u3001\u5e02\u573a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u63a8\u52a8\u3001\u9010\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5219\u662f\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3001\u884c\u653f\u63a8\u52a8\u3001\u8de8\u8d8a\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u6210\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5177\u6709\u591a\u6837\u5316\u3001\u591a\u5143\u5316\u3001\u590d\u6742\u5316\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u52b3\u8d44\u529b\u91cf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6781\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u8d44\u65b9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6743\u5229\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6743\u5229\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u4f18\u52bf\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e2a\u522b\u5316\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u521a\u521a\u5904\u4e8e\u53d1\u7aef\u548c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u758f\u79bb\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e09\u65b9\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4e09\u65b9\u56db\u4e3b\u4f53\u201d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u6001\uff08Taylor et al. \uff0c2003\uff1a115-123\uff09\uff1b\u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8c03\u6574\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8c03\u6574\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8c03\u6574\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u6cd5\u5236\u5316\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9014\u5f84\u548c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5236\u65b9\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5236\u6b63\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u5316\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u52a8\u5458\u5404\u79cd\u884c\u653f\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u884c\u653f\u529b\u91cf\u6765\u4fc3\u8fdb\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u9884\u9632\u548c\u5904\u7f6e\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u95e8\u5206\u5de5\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u5b9e\u65bd\u5e94\u6025\u65b9\u6848\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u5bf9\uff1b\u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8c03\u6574\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5173\u6d89\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6267\u653f\u515a\u7684\u6267\u653f\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5404\u7ea7\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c06\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8c03\u6574\u4f5c\u4e3a\u515a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u52a8\u5458\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u63a8\u8fdb\u548c\u8c10\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5efa\u8bbe\uff1b\u5176\u56db\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5f3a\u793e\u533a\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u8d2d\u4e70\u793e\u4f1a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u52a8\u5458\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7f51\u683c\u5316\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u4e89\u8bae\u9884\u9632\u548c\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u6574\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u515a\u653f\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u591a\u9014\u5f84\u591a\u65b9\u5f0f\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6cbb\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u754c\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u201c\u7279\u8272\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u73b0\u5b9e\u5224\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u6d89\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u56fd\u9645\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u5f02\u540c\u7684\u65b0\u6846\u67b6\u2014\u2014\u591a\u6837\u5316\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5177\u6709\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u4e09\u3001 \u8d8b\u540c\u7684\u8d8b\u5f02\u2014\u2014\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\u201c\u8d8b\u540c\u201d\uff08convergence\uff09\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u8d8b\u5f02\u201d\uff08divergence\uff09\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0e\u591a\u6837\u6027\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u7740\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e92\u8054\u4e92\u901a\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5728\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u591a\u6837\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u76f4\u63a5\u6d89\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u800c\u628a\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7279\u8272\u548c\u8d70\u5411\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u505a\u51fa\u9884\u671f\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u524d\u77bb\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u6bd4\u8f83\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd1\u5e74\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf912\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u5404\u56fd\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u5c31\u4e1a\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3001\u96c7\u4e3b\u534f\u8c03\u53cc\u91cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u5305\u7684\u4e0e\u65e5\u9012\u589e\u7b49\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u534f\u8c03\u5f0f\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08CMEs\uff09\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u5f0f\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08LMEs\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u534f\u8c03\u673a\u5236\u7684\u529b\u5ea6\u548c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5176\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u5206\u6563\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u5411\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u660e\u663e\u3002\u800c\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u5bfc\u578b\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5e02\u573a\u534f\u8c03\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e72\u9884\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u70b9\u5e76\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u878d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u5c06\u4f1a\u66ff\u4ee3\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u5224\u65ad\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\uff08\u5e38\u51ef\u7b49\uff0c2016\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8d8b\u540c\u4e0e\u8d8b\u5f02\u5176\u5b9e\u540c\u65f6\u5e76\u5b58\u3002\u8d8b\u540c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8bb2\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u5927\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u89c4\u5f8b\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u51b3\u5b9a\u540c\u4e00\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5404\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u5f8b\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5168\u7403\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\uff08global supply chain,GSC\uff09\u3001\u8de8\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u5168\u7403\u52b3\u5de5\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u6846\u67b6\u534f\u8bae\uff08IFAS\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08ILO\uff09\u7b49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u56fd\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u8d8b\u540c\u6027\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u7740\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8d8b\u5f02\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u3001\u52b3\u5de5\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5404\u81ea\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u8d28\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8d8b\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u7279\u70b9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8d8b\u5f02\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0cKatz & Darbishire\u5bf9\u4e03\u4e2a\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09\u7684\u96c7\u4f63\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u53d8\u5316\u7efc\u5408\u5206\u6790\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u96c7\u4f63\u6a21\u5f0f\u65b9\u9762\u5dee\u5f02\u5728\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d8\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5177\u6709\u5171\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u8d8b\u540c\u7684\u8d8b\u5f02\u201d\uff08Katz & Darbishire\uff0c2000\uff09\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u754c\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u5931\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u601d\u8def\u3002\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8d8b\u540c\u6027\u548c\u8d8b\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u628a\u63e1\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u53ca\u5176\u8d8b\u5411\u5177\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u542f\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7814\u7a76\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u8981\u4e0d\u52a0\u5206\u6790\u5730\u81ea\u8be9\u5e76\u575a\u6301\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u7279\u8272\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5206\u6790\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u548c\u5408\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8c03\u6574\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u52a0\u5408\u7406\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7279\u8272\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff3b1\uff3d\u5e38\u00a0 \u51ef\uff082013\uff09.\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u52b3\u5de5\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5b8c\u5584.\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c6.<\/p>\n

\uff3b2\uff3d\u5e38\u00a0 \u51ef\uff082016\uff09.\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u96c6\u4f53\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u4e24\u79cd\u8def\u5f84.\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c4.<\/p>\n

\uff3b3\uff3d\u5e38\u00a0 \u51ef\u7b49\uff082016\uff09.\u56fd\u9645\u6bd4\u8f83\u96c7\u4f63\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u56fd\u5bb6\u89c4\u5236\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u9769\uff08\u7b2c\u516d\u7248\uff09.\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u51fa\u7248\u793e.<\/p>\n

\uff3b4\uff3d\u5e38\u5e86\u6b23\u3001\u5f20\u5143\u9e4f\uff082015\uff09.\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u4ecb\u8bc4.\u6cb3\u5357\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c3.<\/p>\n

\uff3b5\uff3d\u97e9\u5e86\u7965\uff082006\uff09.\u56de\u5f52\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4ef7\u503c.\u4e2d\u5171\u73e0\u6d77\u5e02\u59d4\u515a\u6821 \u73e0\u6d77\u5e02\u884c\u653f\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c4.<\/p>\n

\uff3b6\uff3d\u5f6d\u7f8e\u7389\u3001\u738b\u6210\u748b\u3001\u53f6\u5b50\u8363\uff082007\uff09.\u5236\u5ea6\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5747\u8861\u6a21\u578b\u7814\u7a76.\u6539\u9769\u4e0e\u6218\u7565\uff0c4.<\/p>\n

\uff3b7\uff3d\uff3b\u7f8e\uff3d \u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u5bc7\u80af\u7b49\uff082008\uff09.\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8f6c\u578b.\u6731\u98de\u3001\u738b\u4f83\u8bd1.\u5317\u4eac:\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u51fa\u7248\u793e.<\/p>\n

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\uff3b9 Peter A.Hall & David Soskice\uff082001\uff09.Varieties of Capitalism:The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage.Oxford\uff1aOxford University Press.<\/p>\n

\uff3b10\uff3dK.Hamann & J.Kelly(2008).Varieties of Capitalism and Industrial Relations.Paul Blyton,Ed Heery,Nick Bacon & Jack Fiorito.The SAGE Handbook of Industrial Relations.London:Sage.<\/p>\n

\uff3b11\uff3dHC Katz & O.Darbishire(2000).Converging Divergences.Worldwide Changes in Employment Systems.New York:Cornell University Press.<\/p>\n

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The Developmental Stage\uff0cCharacteristics and Trends of Labor Relations with Chinese Characteristics\uff1a<\/p>\n

From the International Comparative Labor Relations Perspective<\/p>\n

Chang Kai \uff08Capital University of Economics and Business & Renmin University of China\uff09<\/p>\n

Abstract:The study of labor relations with Chinese characteristics needs to be carried out in the context of international comparison of labor relations.The three basic concepts of international comparative research,namely,industrial relations and employment relations,global economic integration and capitalist diversity,convergence and divergence,provide theoretical and methodological implications for the study of labor relations in China.<\/p>\n

Compared to labor relations of the free market economy and coordinated market economy,China’s labor relations are a kind of state-led labor relations.In the development stage,China’s labor relations have largely completed the transition from a planned economy to a market economy.The transition from individual labor relations to collective labor relations,in terms of composition and adjustment,is underway.The employment relationship based on individual labor relations is the general state of affair in labor relations in China,and industrial relations based on collective industrial relations are taking shape.As the traditional industrial structure and adjustment is being formed,a variety of informal new employment relationship is also developing.<\/p>\n

In the context of economic globalization,the basic characteristics of China’s labor relations share the general characteristics of labor relations under the market economy.The general characteristics of labor relations in the market economy refer to the economic relationship between capital and labor that is required to fulfil in the labor process and to maintain the existence of both labor and capital and thus to ensure the social production process.This relationship ischaracterized by both conflict and identity.Cooperation on the basis of resolving conflicts is the basic characteristic of this relationship.In this aspect,China’s labor relations are not different from those of other market economies.<\/p>\n

The characteristics of China\u2019s labor relations is not manifested in the nature of labor relations;rather,it is manifested in the formation process,institutional structure and adjustment method of labor relation in the marketization process.This is mainly demonstrated in the fact that China\u2019s marketised labor relations is a social economic transition achieved as a result of a top-down reform directed by the government.The main structure of China\u2019s labor relations contains the following characteristics.First,there is a sharp economic power imbalance between capital and labor,leading to extreme mismatch in political rights and organizing rights.Second,workers are in a state of unorganized or self-organized,therefore what constitutes a labor-capital-state tripartite system existed internationally takes the form of \u2018tripartite and four institutional actors\u2019.Third,the Communist Party is involved in labor relations.The characteristics of China\u2019s labor relations adjustment mode consists of multiple channels of adjustment including:legal adjustment,political adjustment,administrative adjustment,social adjustment and so forth,as a comprehensive governance mode.<\/p>\n

Convergence is the general feature and divergence is the unique feature in the trends of development of China\u2019s labor relations.Convergence means the sameness in terms of the general nature of labor relations,including,for example,the economic nature of the employment relationship,the subordination of individual employment,the inevitability of labor solidarity,and the conflict and cooperation of capital and labor.Divergence refers to how specific systems and mechanisms of labor relations such as configuration of labor relations and the adjustment methods may differ from that of other countries in the process of development and continuous adjustment based on the country\u2019s characteristics.<\/p>\n

Key words:employment relationship\uff1bindustry relations\uff1binternational comparison of labor relations\uff1blabor relations with Chinese characteristics\uff1btheory of labor relations and research methods\uff1bhuman resource management<\/p>\n

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